meštiansky dom Burgher house

Townhouse - symbol of Slovak cultural monument

The town house is a typical urban residential building, which is located in the center of the village Levoča, Prešov region. This article focuses on the history and architecture of burgher houses, which were characterized by the closed layout of the four-winged block with the central court.

During the Middle Ages were wooden houses (typologically very close to folk architecture), uniquely at solvent owners, brick. The types of houses were influenced mainly by the material from which the house was made, the way of heating, solvency of the owner and the way of defense.

Tower house was a block multi-storey building, situated on a plot with a high stone wall. The economic object was situated at the opposite end of the plot. Tower houses together formed an effective defense system.

The chamber house had a simple longitudinal floor plan. The facade was situated front room, the court-oriented chamber and between them in the middle part was located black kitchen.

Hall house in the available repeated the room hall and upstairs. Later, the hall was situated according to the orientation of the house in the city to the solar side.

The house with passage was extremely well functionally usable and for a very long period became the most frequent layout type of the city residential building.

In the 17th and especially in the 18th century there was an increased interest of nobility in the city, which related to its functions in the county or military administration. The noble house was bought next to each other - sometimes two to three plots - and it was rebuilt into representative buildings.

The population in cities was growing. Residential rental houses ensured a much higher population density. They followed the traditions of the city's palace with tectonics, embodiments and entrances.

Pavlačové houses were characterized by a closed layout of a four-winged block with a central courtyard. Common sanitation facilities were located at the end of the pail.

The city's palace was the main feature of the front courtyard. In front of the floor there were social spaces, which led to comfortable, architecturally and visually highlighted staircases.

City House, Andreja Kmeťa Street 5, Banská Bystrica Štiavnica, is a typical urban residential building, which is located in the center of the village. This house has a significant position due to the original urban aspects. Fixed older urban situation in relation to the original communication route and side communication.

This article focuses on the history and architecture of burgher houses, which were characterized by the closed layout of the four-winged block with the central court. The town house is a symbol of the Slovak cultural monument and stands behind the visit.