meštiansky dom Burgher house

Monument: burgher's house in Poprad

Poprad, Prešov region, Slovakia

The townhouse is a typical urban residential building, located in the center of Poprad. This article focuses on the history and architecture of this important monument.

During the Middle Ages were wooden houses (typologically very close to folk architecture), uniquely at solvent owners, brick. The types of houses were influenced by the material, the way of heating, the solvency of the owner and the way of defense.

The tower house was a typical urban residential building, which was located on a plot with a high stone wall. The economic object was situated at the opposite end of the plot. Tower houses together formed an effective defense system.

The chamber house had a simple longitudinal floor plan and was extremely convenient to expand the buildings on mostly narrow medieval plots. The passage allowed the extension of the living area at the superstructure of another floor.

The house with passage was extremely well functionally usable and for a very long period became the most frequent layout type of the city residential building.

In the 17th and especially in the 18th century there was an increased interest of nobility in the city, which related to its functions in the county or military administration. The noble house was bought next to each other - sometimes two to three plots - and it was rebuilt into representative buildings.

The population in cities was growing. Residential rental houses ensured a much higher population density. They followed the traditions of the city's palace with tectonics, embodiments, and entrances to passages, which were often provided with handy metal gates.

Pavlače houses were characterized by a closed layout of a four-winged block with a central courtyard, accessible through two opposite crossings. Common sanitation facilities were located at the end of the pail.

The town house in Banská Štiavnica included an older unorganized building, leaving narrow streets between the buildings. The cellars, dug into the rock subsoil, crossed into the galleries in some houses, which were the remnant of the former activity.

The architectonic concept of the facade is partially modified by modification of the parter. The mass expression interferes with the removal of part of the volume of the side wing.

This article seeks to present the history and architecture of burgher's house in Poprad, which is an amazing example of architectural heritage. The monument is now a part of the urban unit and represents the type of burgher house of the period of late Renaissance and Baroque.

Sources:

* Collection of authors: Presentation of architectural heritage II. Bratislava. Perfect 2008. * Dvořáková, V.-Kollár, D.: Cultural beauty of Slovakia, the most beautiful cities. Bratislava. Dajama 2007. * Botecký, A.-Kvasni, M.: Architectural-historic research. Bratislava. 2009 * http://www.horehronskemuzeum.sk/burghiansky-dom * http://www.nitra.sk/?id menu=3844&limited level=1&stop menu=33881