meštiansky dom Burgher house

Townhouse in Banská Štiavnica

Banská Štiavnica, Banská Bystrica region

This article is about townhouses.

Medieval

During the Middle Ages were wooden houses (typologically very close to folk architecture), uniquely at solvent owners, brick. The types of houses were influenced by the material from which the house was made, the way of heating, the solvency of the owner and the way of defense.

Tower house was a block multi-storey building, situated on a plot with a high stone wall. The economic object was for sanitary reasons situated at the opposite end of the plot. Tower houses together formed an effective defense system.

Chamber house - layout was not different from the peasant house , had a simple longitudinal floor plan . The facade was situated front room, the court-oriented chamber and between them in the middle part was located black kitchen.

Baroque Period

In the 17th and especially in the 18th century there was an increased interest of nobility in the city, which related to its functions in the county or military administration.

19th Century Period

The population in cities was growing. Residential rental houses ensured a much higher population density.

Pavlačové houses - were characterized by a closed layout of a four-winged block with a central courtyard, accessible through two opposite crossings. Common sanitation facilities were located at the end of the pail.

Houses of poverty, iron houses - were on the outskirts of the city, often forming part of the walls.

19th and 20th century architecture

The original objects were modernized mainly in the parter. Many retained their original functional use (trade), but the sales method was more oriented towards advertising.

The function of housing remained in originally residential burgher houses until today, only the requirements of the standard of housing changed.

Examples of burgher houses

City House, Andreja Kmeťa Street 5, Banská Bystrica Štiavnica

Townhouses in Banská Štiavnica included an older unorganized building. The cellars, dug into the rock subsoil, passed in some houses into the sheds.

A special feature of the Banská Štiavnica houses is the situation in the steep terrain configuration. Later modifications, expansion of houses and the construction of neighboring streets have resulted in terraced buildings.

The city house has a significant position due to the original urban aspects. Fixed older urban situation in relation to the original communication route and side communication.

Sources:

* Collection of authors: Presentation of architectural heritage II. Bratislava. Perfect 2008. * Dvořáková, V.-Kollár, D.: Cultural beauty of Slovakia, the most beautiful cities. Bratislava. Dajama 2007. * Botecký, A.-Kvasni, M.: Architectural-historic research. Bratislava. 2009 * http://www.horehronskemuzeum.sk/burghiansky-dom * http://www.nitra.sk/?id menu=3844&limited level=1&stop menu=33881